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This chapter describes how to develop WebLogic Web service clients that conform to the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style using Java API for RESTful Web Services (JAX-RS).
This chapter includes the following sections:
About RESTful Web Service Client Development
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The Jersey JAX-RS RI provides a client API for developing RESTful Web services clients. To access the client API, you create an instance of the
com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client
class and then use that instance to access the Web resource and send HTTP requests.Note:
A standard client API will be supported as part of the JSR-311 JAX-RS 2.0 specification.
Watch zombie strippers! online. The following sections provide more information about RESTful Web service client development:
Summary of Tasks to Develop RESTful Web Service Clients
The following table summarizes a subset of the tasks that are required to develop RESTful Web service clients. For more information about advanced tasks, see More Advanced RESTful Web Service Client Tasks.
Table 4-1 Summary of Tasks to Develop RESTful Web Service Clients
Task | More Information |
---|---|
Create an instance of the com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client class. | |
Create an instance of the Web resource. | |
Send requests to the resource. For example, HTTP requests to GET, PUT, POST, and DELETE resource information. | |
Receive responses from the resource. |
Example of a RESTful Web Service Client
The following provides a simple example of a RESTful Web service client that can be used to call the RESTful Web service defined in Example 2-1, 'Simple RESTful Web Service'. In this example:
- The
Client
instance is created to access the client API. For more information, see Creating and Configuring a Client Instance. - The
WebResource
instance is created to access the Web resource. For more information, see Creating a Web Resource Instance. - A
get
request is sent to the resource. For more information, see Sending Requests to the Resource. - The response is returned as a String value. For more information about receiving the response, see Receiving a Response from a Resource.
Additional examples are listed in Learn More About RESTful Web Services.
Example 4-1 Simple RESTful Web Service Client Example
Creating and Configuring a Client Instance
To access the Jersey JAX-RS RI client API, create an instance of the
com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client
class. For more information, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/Client.html
.Optionally, you can pass client configuration properties when creating the client instance, as defined in Table 4-2, by defining a
com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client.ClientConfig
and passing the information to the create
method. For more information, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/ClientConfig.html
.Table 4-2 RESTful Web Service Client Configuration Properties
Property | Description |
---|---|
PROPERTY_BUFFER_RESPONSE_ENTITY_ON_EXCEPTION | Boolean value that specifies whether the client should buffer the response entity, if any, and close resources when a UniformInterfaceException is thrown. This property defaults to true . |
PROPERTY_CHUNKED_ENCODING_SIZE | Integer value that specifies the chunked encoding size. A value equal to or less than 0 specifies that the default chunk size should be used. If not set, then chunking will not be used. |
PROPERTY_CONNECT_TIMEOUT | Integer value that specifies the connect timeout interval in milliseconds. If the property is 0 or not set, then the interval is set to infinity. |
PROPERTY_FOLLOW_REDIRECTS | Boolean value that specifies whether the URL will redirect automatically to the URI declared in 3xx responses. This property defaults to true . |
PROPERTY_READ_TIMEOUT | Integer value that specifies the read timeout interval in milliseconds. If the property is 0 or not set, then the interval is set to infinity. |
Example 4-2 provides an example of how to create a client instance.
Example 4-3 provides an example of how to create a client instance and pass configuration properties to the
create
method.Example 4-3 Creating and Configuring a Client Instance
Alternatively, you can configure a client instance after the client has been created, by setting properties on the map returned from the
getProperties
method or calling a specific setter method.Example 4-4 provides an example of how to configure a client after it has been created. In this example:
PROPERTY_FOLLOW_REDIRECTS
is configured by setting the property on the map returned from thegetProperties
method.PROPERTY_CONNECT_TIMEOUT
is configured using the setter method.
Example 4-4 Configuring a Client Instance After It Has Been Created
Creating a Web Resource Instance
Before you can issue requests to a RESTful Web service, you must create an instance of
com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource
or com.sun.jersey.api.client.AsyncWebResource
to access the resource specified by the URI. The WebResource
or AsyncWebResource
instance inherits the configuration defined for the client instance. For more information, see:WebResource
:http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/WebResource.html
AsyncWebResource
:http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/AsyncWebResource.html
Note:
Because clients instances are expensive resources, if you are creating multiple Web resources, it is recommended that you re-use a single client instance whenever possible.
Example 4-5 provides an example of how to create an instance to a Web resource hosted at
http://example.com/helloworld
.Example 4-5 provides an example of how to create an instance to a Web resource hosted at
http://example.com/helloworld
.Example 4-6 Creating an Asynchronous Web Resource Instance
Sending Requests to the Resource
Use the
WebResource
or AsyncWebResource
instance to build requests to the associated Web resource, as described in the following sections:Restful Web Services.net
How to Build Requests
Java Restful Web Services Tutorial
Requests to a Web resource are structured using the builder pattern, as defined by the
com.sun.jersey.api.client.RequestBuilder
interface. The RequestBuilder
interface is implemented by com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource
, com.sun.jersey.api.client.AsyncWebResource
, and other resource classes.You can build a request using the methods defined in Table 4-3, followed by the HTTP request method, as described in How to Send HTTP Requests. Examples of how to build a request are provided in the sections that follow.
For more information about
RequestBuilder
and its methods, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/RequestBuilder.html
.Table 4-3 Building a Request
Method | Description |
---|---|
accept() | Defines the acceptable media types. See How to Configure the Accept Header. |
acceptLanguage() | Defines the acceptable languages using the acceptLanguage method. |
Check hdd serial number. cookie() | Infinix flash tool for mac. Adds a cookie to be set. |
entity() | Configures the request entity. See How to Configure the Request Entity. |
header() | Adds an HTTP header and value. See How to Configure the Accept Header. |
type() | Configures the media type. See How to Configure the Request Entity. |
How to Send HTTP Requests
Table 4-4 list the
WebResource
and AsyncWebResource
methods that can be used to send HTTP requests.In the case of
AsyncWebResource
, a java.util.concurrent.Future<V>
object is returned, which can be used to access the result of the computation later, without blocking execution. For more information about Future<V>, see http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/index.html?java/util/concurrent/Future.html
.Table 4-4 WebResource Methods to Send HTTP Requests
Method | Description |
---|---|
get() | Invoke the HTTP GET method to get a representation of the resource. |
post() | Invoke the HTTP POST method to create or update the representation of the specified resource. |
put() | Invoke the HTTP PUT method to update the representation of the resource. |
delete() | Invoke the HTTP DELETE method to delete the representation of the resource. |
If the response has an entity (or representation), then the Java type of the instance required is declared in the HTTP method.
Example 4-7 provides an example of how to send an HTTP GET request. In this example, the response entity is requested to be an instance of
String.
The response entity will be de-serialized to a String
instance.Example 4-8 provides an example of how to send an HTTP PUT request and put the entity
foo:bar
into the Web resource. In this example, the response entity is requested to be an instance of com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientResponse
.Example 4-8 Sending an HTTP PUT Request
If you wish to send an HTTP request using a generic type, to avoid type erasure at runtime, you need to create a
com.sun.jersey.api.client.GenericType
object to preserve the generic type. For more information, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/GenericType.html
.Example 4-9 provides an example of how to send an HTTP request using a generic type using
GenericType
to preserve the generic type.Example 4-9 Sending an HTTP GET Request Using a Generic Type
How to Pass Query Parameters
You can pass query parameters in the GET request by defining a
javax.ws.rs.core.MultivaluedMap
and using the queryParams
method on the Web resource to pass the map as part of the HTTP request.For more information about
MultivaluedMap
, see http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/ws/rs/core/MultivaluedMap.html
.Example 4-10 provides an example of how to pass parameters in a GET request to a Web resource hosted at
http://example.com/helloworld
, resulting in the following request URI: http://example.com/base?param1=val1¶m2=val2
How to Configure the Accept Header
Configure the
Accept
header for the request using the accept
method on the Web resource.Example 4-11 provides an example of how to specify
text/plain
as the acceptable MIME media type in a GET request to a Web resource hosted at http://example.com/helloworld
.How to Add a Custom Header
Add a custom header to the request using the
header
method on the Web resource.Example 4-12 provides an example of how to add a custom header
FOO
with the value BAR
in a GET request to a Web resource hosted at http://example.com/helloworld
.How to Configure the Request Entity
Configure the request entity and type using the
entity
method on the Web resource. Alternatively, you can configure the request entity type only using the type
method on the Web resource.Restclient A Debugger For Restful Web Services For Firefox Chrome
Example 4-13 provides an example of how to configure a request entity and type.
Example 4-14 provides an example of how to configure the request entity media type only.
Example 4-14 Configuring the Request Entity Media Type Only
Receiving a Response from a Resource
Restful Web Services Example In Java
You define the Java type of the entity (or representation) in the response when you call the HTTP method, as described in How to Send HTTP Requests.
If response metadata is required, declare the Java type
com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientResponse
as the response type. the ClientResponse
type enables you to access status, headers, and entity information.The following sections describes the response metadata that you can access using the
ClientResponse
. For more information about ClientResponse
, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/ClientResponse.html
.How to Access the Status of Request
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Access the status of a client response using the
getStatus
method on the ClientResponse
object. For a list of valid status codes, see http://jersey.java.net/nonav/apidocs/1.9/jersey/com/sun/jersey/api/client/ClientResponse.Status.html
.Example 4-11 provides an example of how to access the status code of the response.
How to Get the Response Entity
Get the response entity using the
getEntity
method on the ClientResponse
object.Example 4-11 provides an example of how to get the response entity.
More Advanced RESTful Web Service Client Tasks
For more information about advanced RESTful Web service client tasks, including those listed below, see the Jersey 1.9 User Guide at
http://jersey.java.net/nonav/documentation/1.9/user-guide.html
.- Adding new representation types
- Using filters
- Enabling security with HTTP(s) URLConnection